The Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) was established in 2002 by Ontario Power Generation Inc., Hydro-Québec and New Brunswick Power Corporation in accordance with the Nuclear Fuel Waste Act (NFWA) to assume responsibility for the long-term management of Canada’s used nuclear fuel. NWMO investigates approaches for managing Canada’s used nuclear fuel, a by-product of the generation of electricity in a nuclear power plant.

The NFWA legislation authorized the Government of Canada to decide on the approach to managing used nuclear fuel. In June 2007, the government selected Adaptive Phased Management (APM), the approach recommended by the NWMO. The organization is now responsible for implementing APM, subject to all the necessary regulatory approvals.